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How does the ATM to ATR switch occur at DSBs
2024-05-29
How does the ATM-to-ATR switch occur at DSBs? The progressive attenuation of ATM activation could be attributed to the loss of DNA structures that activate ATM, or to the generation of DNA structures that interfere with ATM activation. Our finding that SSOs do not directly affect the binding of puri
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Despite
2024-05-29
Materials and methods Results Discussion Despite the relative complexity of immunotherapy, such treatment may have an important role, in conjunction with other therapies in the treatment of cancer refractory to conventional treatments alone. Clinical studies have recently shown that adding
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In vascular endothelial cells L arginine produces
2024-05-29
In vascular endothelial cells, L-arginine produces nitric oxide (NO) under the action of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and nitric oxide can activate guanylate cyclase to produce a large amount of cGMP, thereby relaxing vascular smooth muscle and expanding blood vessels. Numerous studies have confirme
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In conclusion we report that the
2024-05-29
In conclusion, we report that the widely prescribed drug VPA exerts therapeutic effects on optic nerve demyelination and retinal degeneration in a mouse model of MS. Our findings raise an interesting possibility that combination therapy of VPA and ASK1 inhibition may be useful for treatment of autoi
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Functional implications notwithstanding the intermolecular c
2024-05-29
Functional implications notwithstanding, the intermolecular contact appears to shield the Y361 side chain (Fig. 3) from being accessible for regulation by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation as has been proposed [18,19]. It is, therefore, likely that Src kinase and PTP1B phosphatase bind to an AROM mo
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br Conclusions In summary aromatase
2024-05-29
Conclusions In summary, aromatase mRNA expression in the UMI-77 of A. leptorhynchus shows a similar distribution pattern as seen in other teleosts with expression detected in the forebrain and the pituitary gland. The lack of aromatase mRNA expression in the midbrain and hindbrain of A. leptorhy
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Antioxidative enzymes such as SOD and CAT play
2024-05-29
Antioxidative enzymes such as SOD and CAT play prominent roles in protecting against oxidative stress and extending food freshness due to their ability in scavenging active oxygen species for maintaining cell membrane integrity. Evidence shows that activities of SOD and CAT are positively affected b
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br Consequences of central apelin APJ modulation Regarding e
2024-05-29
Consequences of central apelin/APJ modulation Regarding extra-hypothalamic actions, recent data demonstrate that the central apelin/APJ system could be a potential new target for the regulation of memory (Han et al., 2014). Then, intracerebroventricular (icv) apelin administration in mice impairs
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br Future view and implications The
2024-05-29
Future view and implications The selection and spread of multi(drug)-resistant microorganisms over the last decades has become a major and global public health concern [35]. Two growing threats originating from the fungal kingdom, i.e. Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida auris[36], [37], re-emphasi
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Prostate cell growth and prostate carcinogenesis are not onl
2024-05-29
Prostate cell growth and prostate carcinogenesis are not only mediated by androgens, they are also dependent on functional insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptor (IGF1R) signaling. Previous studies addressed this issue and reported a correlation between high insulin
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However relatively little information is available concernin
2024-05-28
However, relatively little information is available concerning the biochemical properties and other features of such enzymes in Taeniid species. In the current report, a M17 leucine aminopeptidase gene of T. pisiformis (TpLAP) was cloned and expressed, and its enzymatic activity, biochemical propert
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This development notwithstanding the chemotherapeutic treatm
2024-05-28
This development notwithstanding, the chemotherapeutic treatment for leukemia has stagnated over the last 40 years [35]. Main treatment options necessitate aggressive chemotherapy to target leukemic cells [36], [37], [38], [39]. Several limitations of current treatment options include the use of ant
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It is also possible that adrenoceptor activation
2024-05-28
It is also possible that α2-adrenoceptor activation may inhibit glutamate accumulation by upregulating the glutamate-buffering activity of Müller MMAF through EAAT1 or adjusting EAAT2 in bipolar cells, as well as the NMDA receptor. Therefore, we investigated whether topical administration of brimon
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br Conclusion The HT receptor family is complex and one
2024-05-28
Conclusion The 5-HT receptor family is complex, and one may ask as does Bryan Roth et al. [205] whether this is useless Maprotiline HCl receptor (i.e. too much redundancy) or an embarrassment of the riches (i.e. many potential targets to choose from to affect normal or pathological function); mol
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An alternative approach to the
2024-05-28
An alternative approach to the administration of ADO agonists is to amplify the actions of endogenous ADO by inhibiting the ADO-metabolizing enzyme, ADO kinase (AK). Inhibition of AK has the net effect of potentiating the local concentration and the effects of ADO in the extracellular compartment. T
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