• We confirmed a decrease in extracellular

  2022-07-27

  

  We confirmed a decrease in extracellular glutamate uptake and the presence of efflux in an endothelial cell model of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), which effectively simulates the inefficient energy supply after brain injury [15], and analysed the function of endothelial EAATs and explored the ro

• These findings raise the question of what

  2022-07-27

  

  These findings raise the question of what mechanism of beta cell proliferation is induced by short-term HF diet feeding. Gene expression profiling of isolated islets from mice fed a HF diet for 1 week revealed that expression levels of downstream genes of Foxm1 were coordinately upregulated (Fig. 5)

• br Funding sources This work was supported in

  2022-07-27

  

  Funding sources This work was supported, in part, by NIH GM115388 to BGM. Acknowledgements Introduction Glucokinase (GCK) plays a central role in the regulation of glucose metabolism. Its activity is restricted to n oxide mg with important roles in whole-body glucose homeostasis [1]. In p

• Importantly bioelectric circuits in tissues Fig

  2022-07-27

  

  (4) Importantly, bioelectric circuits in tissues (Fig. 2A) have a capacity to store long-term patterning information. An example is planarian anterior-posterior patterning: during regeneration, each fragment cut from a worm needs to build a head and tail at their correct ends. This process is regula

• Many investigators have noted structural similarities betwee

  2022-07-27

  

  Many investigators have noted structural similarities between certain flavonoids and benzodiazepines, such as diazepam, that are the most widely studied positive modulators of GABAA receptors. Benzodiazepines can act on these receptors via ‘two distinct and separable mechanisms’ (Walters, Hadley, Mo

• br BA induced activation of TGR TGR is

  2022-07-27

  

  BA-induced activation of TGR5 TGR5 is a membrane-bound G protein-coupled receptor for BAs and its activation is dependent on cAMP formation and further stimulation of protein kinase A [53], [31]. The receptor is expressed in the enterochromaffin cells, smooth muscles, immune cells and more import

• The subcellular redistribution of some metabolic enzymes is

  2022-07-27

  

  The subcellular redistribution of some metabolic enzymes is dynamic and responsive to metabolic conditions. In the absence of glucose, Glucokinase (GK) is bound to its regulatory protein in the nucleus of the hepatocyte and translocates to the cytoplasm when sugar levels increase [12]. Muscle glycog

• br Conclusion br Disclosure of interest br Introduction

  2022-07-26

  

  Conclusion Disclosure of interest Introduction The Joint United Nations Program on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) proposed the ambitious global goal of achieving the "90-90-90" target by 2020 and ending the HIV epidemic by 2030 (Barton-Knott, 2014). One important measure is to monitor the incidence

• Electrochemical techniques have attracted broad attention

  2022-07-26

  

  Electrochemical techniques have attracted broad attention for their outstanding advantages, such as satisfactory sensitivity and convenient operation. Nowadays, nucleic ci-1033 nanostructures such as DNA tetrahedron structure, nucleic acid-mimicking structure, exhibit noticeable application in the

• In conclusion the most salient observation from this study w

  2022-07-26

  

  In conclusion, the most salient observation from this study was that PAE reduced the expression of HDC protein expression in dentate gyrus, cerebral cortex, and cerebellum, but not in the caudate nucleus or ventral hypothalamus. The regional basis for this heightened sensitivity is not known, but it

• Eastern Guangdong is a Teochew dialect

  2022-07-26

  

  Eastern Guangdong is a Teochew dialect area. We found that subtype 1b (3.1%) in this region was significantly lower than in other areas. Subtype 1b began its spread from the central part of China out into the whole country through illegal blood donation in the mid-1990s (Lu et al., 2013) and is now

• br Autophagy and HBV induced HCC Researchers

  2022-07-26

  

  Autophagy and HBV-induced HCC Researchers have demonstrated downregulation of autophagy in HBV transgenic liver tumors of mouse models and in human HBV-induced HCC specimens. Kotsafti and his colleagues declared that the expression level of BECN1 mRNA in HCC specimens was considerably lower than

• As indicated by the wide variety

  2022-07-26

  

  As indicated by the wide variety of pharmaceuticals for IOP management (Table 1), each case of glaucoma is unique and requires a unique treatment regimen to effectively lower IOP. This often results in patients utilizing several medications at once and/or combining medications with surgical interven

• br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgment

  2022-07-26

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgment This work was supported by National Program on Key Basic Research Project of China (No. 2013CB127305); The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 314020785); Hubei Provincial Creative Team Project of Agricultural Science and Technology (No. 2007-6

• GPR A a G protein

  2022-07-26

  

  GPR109A, a G-protein-coupled receptor located mainly on adipocyte cell membranes, has been identified as the molecular target for nicotinic AP 24534 [[5], [6], [7]] and mediator of NEFA reduction [5]. As a mechanism of NEFA-lowering, it is recognized that activation of GPR109A leads to Gi-mediated

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